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服飾網(wǎng)站模板設計,百度搜索引擎怎么弄,重慶網(wǎng)站備案規(guī)則,移動應用開發(fā)是什么基于 HTML5 Canvas 制作一個精美的 2048 小游戲在這個快節(jié)奏的生活中，簡單而富有挑戰(zhàn)性的游戲總能給我們帶來樂趣。2048 是一款受歡迎的益智游戲，不僅考驗智力，還能讓人回味無窮。今天，我?guī)ьI大家將一起學習如何使用 HTML5 Canv…

基于 HTML5 Canvas 制作一個精美的 2048 小游戲

在這個快節(jié)奏的生活中，簡單而富有挑戰(zhàn)性的游戲總能給我們帶來樂趣。2048 是一款受歡迎的益智游戲，不僅考驗智力，還能讓人回味無窮。今天，我?guī)ьI大家將一起學習如何使用 HTML5 Canvas 來制作一個精美的 2048 小游戲。

一、了解游戲規(guī)則

在深入代碼之前，我們需要了解游戲的基本規(guī)則：

目標：通過合并相同的數(shù)字塊，最終達到2048。
操作：玩家可以通過上下左右的箭頭鍵控制數(shù)字塊的移動。
生成新塊：每次成功移動后，會隨機生成一個“2”或“4”的數(shù)字塊。
游戲結(jié)束：當所有方塊被填滿且無法進行任何合并時，游戲結(jié)束。

二、建立 HTML 結(jié)構(gòu)

首先，我們需要搭建游戲的基礎 HTML 結(jié)構(gòu)。在 HTML 文件中，引入 Canvas 元素以繪制游戲界面。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>2048 游戲</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body><div class="container"><canvas id="gameCanvas"></canvas></div><script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

三、樣式設計

接下來，我們需要為游戲添加一些樣式，使其更具吸引力。我們將在 CSS 文件中設置按鈕和畫布的樣式。

body {display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;height: 100vh;background-color: #faf8ef;font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
}.container {position: relative;
}canvas {border: 2px solid #bbada0;background-color: #eee4da;
}

四、游戲邏輯實現(xiàn)

在腳本文件中，我們將編寫游戲的核心邏輯，包括初始化游戲、繪制方塊、移動操作和合并方塊等。

4.1 初始化

首先，我們需要創(chuàng)建一個類似于二維數(shù)組的數(shù)字格子，并用隨機數(shù)填充初始狀態(tài)。

const canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas');
const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');const gridSize = 4;
const tileSize = 100;
canvas.width = gridSize * tileSize;
canvas.height = gridSize * tileSize;let board = Array.from({ length: gridSize }, () => Array(gridSize).fill(0));function initBoard() {addRandomTile();addRandomTile();drawBoard();
}function drawBoard() {ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {drawTile(r, c);}}
}function drawTile(r, c) {const value = board[r][c];ctx.fillStyle = value !== 0 ? getTileColor(value) : '#ccc0b3';ctx.fillRect(c * tileSize, r * tileSize, tileSize - 10, tileSize - 10);if (value !== 0) {ctx.fillStyle = '#776e65';ctx.font = 'bold 45px Arial';ctx.textAlign = 'center';ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';ctx.fillText(value, c * tileSize + tileSize / 2 - 5, r * tileSize + tileSize / 2);}
}function getTileColor(value) {switch (value) {case 2: return '#eee4da';case 4: return '#ede0c8';case 8: return '#f2b179';case 16: return '#f59563';case 32: return '#f67c5f';case 64: return '#f67c5f';case 128: return '#edcf72';case 256: return '#edcc61';case 512: return '#edc850';case 1024: return '#edc53f';case 2048: return '#edc22e';default: return '#ccc0b3';}
}function addRandomTile() {let emptyCells = [];for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {if (board[r][c] === 0) {emptyCells.push({ r, c });}}}if (emptyCells.length) {const { r, c } = emptyCells[Math.floor(Math.random() * emptyCells.length)];board[r][c] = Math.random() < 0.9 ? 2 : 4;}
}

4.2 移動與合并方塊

通過鍵盤事件監(jiān)聽來實現(xiàn)方塊的移動和合并，我們定義方向常量，結(jié)合用戶輸入的方向?qū)崿F(xiàn)移動和合并的邏輯。

document.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {switch (event.key) {case 'ArrowUp':moveUp();break;case 'ArrowDown':moveDown();break;case 'ArrowLeft':moveLeft();break;case 'ArrowRight':moveRight();break;}drawBoard();
});function canMergeTiles(r1, c1, r2, c2) {return board[r1][c1] !== 0 && board[r1][c1] === board[r2][c2];
}function moveUp() {for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {for (let r = 1; r < gridSize; r++) {if (board[r][c] !== 0) {let targetRow = r;while (targetRow > 0 && board[targetRow - 1][c] === 0) {// 向上移動board[targetRow - 1][c] = board[targetRow][c];board[targetRow][c] = 0;targetRow--;}if (targetRow > 0 && canMergeTiles(targetRow - 1, c, targetRow, c)) {// 合并方塊board[targetRow - 1][c] *= 2;board[targetRow][c] = 0;}}}}
}function moveDown() {for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {for (let r = gridSize - 2; r >= 0; r--) {if (board[r][c] !== 0) {let targetRow = r;while (targetRow < gridSize - 1 && board[targetRow + 1][c] === 0) {// 向下移動board[targetRow + 1][c] = board[targetRow][c];board[targetRow][c] = 0;targetRow++;}if (targetRow < gridSize - 1 && canMergeTiles(targetRow + 1, c, targetRow, c)) {// 合并方塊board[targetRow + 1][c] *= 2;board[targetRow][c] = 0;}}}}
}function moveLeft() {for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = 1; c < gridSize; c++) {if (board[r][c] !== 0) {let targetCol = c;while (targetCol > 0 && board[r][targetCol - 1] === 0) {// 向左移動board[r][targetCol - 1] = board[r][targetCol];board[r][targetCol] = 0;targetCol--;}if (targetCol > 0 && canMergeTiles(r, targetCol - 1, r, targetCol)) {// 合并方塊board[r][targetCol - 1] *= 2;board[r][targetCol] = 0;}}}}
}function moveRight() {for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = gridSize - 2; c >= 0; c--) {if (board[r][c] !== 0) {let targetCol = c;while (targetCol < gridSize - 1 && board[r][targetCol + 1] === 0) {// 向右移動board[r][targetCol + 1] = board[r][targetCol];board[r][targetCol] = 0;targetCol++;}if (targetCol < gridSize - 1 && canMergeTiles(r, targetCol + 1, r, targetCol)) {// 合并方塊board[r][targetCol + 1] *= 2;board[r][targetCol] = 0;}}}}
}

五、完善游戲體驗

在游戲邏輯實現(xiàn)后，我們需要添加分數(shù)計算、勝利和失敗的提示，以及重新開始游戲的功能。這些都將進一步提升游戲體驗。

5.1 分數(shù)系統(tǒng)

我們?yōu)橛螒蛱砑臃謹?shù)系統(tǒng)，每次合并方塊時更新分數(shù)。

let score = 0;function mergeTiles(r1, c1, r2, c2) {if (board[r1][c1] === board[r2][c2]) {board[r1][c1] *= 2;score += board[r1][c1];board[r2][c2] = 0;}
}

5.2 結(jié)束提示

當玩家沒有可移動的方塊時，可以彈出提示框告知游戲結(jié)束。

function checkGameOver() {for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {if (board[r][c] === 0) {return false; // 還有空格}if (c < gridSize - 1 && canMergeTiles(r, c, r, c + 1)) {return false; // 可以合并}if (r < gridSize - 1 && canMergeTiles(r, c, r + 1, c)) {return false; // 可以合并}}}return true; // 游戲結(jié)束
}function showGameOver() {alert('游戲結(jié)束！您的得分是：' + score);
}

結(jié)論

現(xiàn)在，您應該對如何使用 HTML5 Canvas 制作一個 2048 小游戲有了更詳細的了解。從簡單的 UI 設計到移動和合并方塊的邏輯實現(xiàn)，每一步都至關重要。雖然本文未能詳細說明所有代碼，但希望您能根據(jù)提供的思路和示例進行深入探索和實現(xiàn)。創(chuàng)建游戲是一項有趣且富有成就感的工作，快去嘗試制作您自己的 2048 小游戲吧！

完整代碼

HTML (index.html)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>2048 游戲</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body><div class="container"><canvas id="gameCanvas"></canvas></div><script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

CSS (style.css)

body {display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;height: 100vh;background-color: #faf8ef;font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
}.container {position: relative;
}canvas {border: 2px solid #bbada0;background-color: #eee4da;
}

JavaScript (script.js)

const canvas = document.getElementById('gameCanvas');
const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');const gridSize = 4;
const tileSize = 100;
canvas.width = gridSize * tileSize;
canvas.height = gridSize * tileSize;let board = Array.from({ length: gridSize }, () => Array(gridSize).fill(0));
let score = 0;initBoard();function initBoard() {addRandomTile();addRandomTile();drawBoard();
}function drawBoard() {ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {drawTile(r, c);}}// 顯示分數(shù)ctx.fillStyle = '#776e65';ctx.font = 'bold 20px Arial';ctx.textAlign = 'center';ctx.fillText('Score: ' + score, canvas.width / 2, canvas.height - 20);
}function drawTile(r, c) {const value = board[r][c];ctx.fillStyle = value !== 0 ? getTileColor(value) : '#ccc0b3';ctx.fillRect(c * tileSize, r * tileSize, tileSize - 10, tileSize - 10);if (value !== 0) {ctx.fillStyle = '#776e65';ctx.font = 'bold 45px Arial';ctx.textAlign = 'center';ctx.textBaseline = 'middle';ctx.fillText(value, c * tileSize + tileSize / 2 - 5, r * tileSize + tileSize / 2);}
}function getTileColor(value) {switch (value) {case 2: return '#eee4da';case 4: return '#ede0c8';case 8: return '#f2b179';case 16: return '#f59563';case 32: return '#f67c5f';case 64: return '#f67c5f';case 128: return '#edcf72';case 256: return '#edcc61';case 512: return '#edc850';case 1024: return '#edc53f';case 2048: return '#edc22e';default: return '#ccc0b3';}
}function addRandomTile() {let emptyCells = [];for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {if (board[r][c] === 0) {emptyCells.push({ r, c });}}}if (emptyCells.length) {const { r, c } = emptyCells[Math.floor(Math.random() * emptyCells.length)];board[r][c] = Math.random() < 0.9 ? 2 : 4;}
}document.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {let moved = false;switch (event.key) {case 'ArrowUp':moved = moveUp();break;case 'ArrowDown':moved = moveDown();break;case 'ArrowLeft':moved = moveLeft();break;case 'ArrowRight':moved = moveRight();break;}if (moved) {addRandomTile();drawBoard();if (checkGameOver()) {showGameOver();}}
});function canMergeTiles(r1, c1, r2, c2) {return board[r1][c1] !== 0 && board[r1][c1] === board[r2][c2];
}function moveUp() {let moved = false;for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {for (let r = 1; r < gridSize; r++) {if (board[r][c] !== 0) {let targetRow = r;while (targetRow > 0 && board[targetRow - 1][c] === 0) {board[targetRow - 1][c] = board[targetRow][c];board[targetRow][c] = 0;targetRow--;moved = true;}if (targetRow > 0 && canMergeTiles(targetRow - 1, c, targetRow, c)) {board[targetRow - 1][c] *= 2;score += board[targetRow - 1][c];board[targetRow][c] = 0;moved = true;}}}}return moved;
}function moveDown() {let moved = false;for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {for (let r = gridSize - 2; r >= 0; r--) {if (board[r][c] !== 0) {let targetRow = r;while (targetRow < gridSize - 1 && board[targetRow + 1][c] === 0) {board[targetRow + 1][c] = board[targetRow][c];board[targetRow][c] = 0;targetRow++;moved = true}if (targetRow < gridSize - 1 && canMergeTiles(targetRow + 1, c, targetRow, c)) {board[targetRow + 1][c] *= 2;score += board[targetRow + 1][c];board[targetRow][c] = 0;moved = true;}}}}return moved;
}function moveLeft() {let moved = false;for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = 1; c < gridSize; c++) {if (board[r][c] !== 0) {let targetCol = c;while (targetCol > 0 && board[r][targetCol - 1] === 0) {board[r][targetCol - 1] = board[r][targetCol];board[r][targetCol] = 0;targetCol--;moved = true;}if (targetCol > 0 && canMergeTiles(r, targetCol - 1, r, targetCol)) {board[r][targetCol - 1] *= 2;score += board[r][targetCol - 1];board[r][targetCol] = 0;moved = true;}}}}return moved;
}function moveRight() {let moved = false;for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = gridSize - 2; c >= 0; c--) {if (board[r][c] !== 0) {let targetCol = c;while (targetCol < gridSize - 1 && board[r][targetCol + 1] === 0) {board[r][targetCol + 1] = board[r][targetCol];board[r][targetCol] = 0;targetCol++;moved = true;}if (targetCol < gridSize - 1 && canMergeTiles(r, targetCol + 1, r, targetCol)) {board[r][targetCol + 1] *= 2;score += board[r][targetCol + 1];board[r][targetCol] = 0;moved = true;}}}}return moved;
}function checkGameOver() {for (let r = 0; r < gridSize; r++) {for (let c = 0; c < gridSize; c++) {if (board[r][c] === 0) {return false; // 還有空格}if (c < gridSize - 1 && canMergeTiles(r, c, r, c + 1)) {return false; // 可以合并}if (r < gridSize - 1 && canMergeTiles(r, c, r + 1, c)) {return false; // 可以合并}}}return true; // 游戲結(jié)束
}function showGameOver() {alert('游戲結(jié)束！您的得分是：' + score);
}