💡Nacas可以用于實(shí)現(xiàn)Spring Cloud Gateway中網(wǎng)關(guān)動(dòng)態(tài)路由功能，也可以基于Nacos來實(shí)現(xiàn)對后端服務(wù)的負(fù)載均衡，前者利用Nacos配置中心功能，后者利用Nacos服務(wù)注冊功能。

接下來我們來看下Gateway集成Nacos實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡的架構(gòu)圖

一. 環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

1. 版本環(huán)境

• Jdk: <java.version>1.8</java.version>

• SpringBoot: <version>2.4.2</version>

• SpringCloud: <spring.cloud.version>2020.0.1</spring.cloud.version>

• SpringCloudAlibaba: <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.1</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>

2. 服務(wù)環(huán)境

• spring-cloud-user-center : 獨(dú)立用戶服務(wù)（2個(gè)）

• spring-cloud-gateway： 獨(dú)立的網(wǎng)關(guān)服務(wù)

二. 實(shí)戰(zhàn)

1. 創(chuàng)建用戶服務(wù)

為了演示請求負(fù)載，將spring-cloud-user-center部署兩份分別開放8005和8006端口

1. 引入相關(guān)依賴

        <dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency>

2. yml配置

server:port: 8085spring:application:name: spring-cloud-user-centercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848ip: 127.0.0.1
management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: "*"

3. 編寫測試類

測試類1

/*** @author gf* @date 2023/2/14*/
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class UserController {@RequestMapping("/user")public String user(){log.info("hello Mr gateway,this is user server");return "hello Mr gateway,this is user server";}
}

重復(fù)以上1，2步驟重新創(chuàng)建一個(gè)服務(wù)，記得將配置文件中的端口號區(qū)分一下，然后

spring.application.name不變，依舊是spring-cloud-user-center。

測試類2

我們這里為了演示方便只是將之前的訂單服務(wù)改造了一下，可以參考以下鏈接

SpringBoot整合Gateway+Nacos

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class OrderController {@RequestMapping("/user")public String getOrder(){log.info("hello Mr gateway,this is order server");return "hello Mr gateway,this is order server";}
}

4. 啟動(dòng)類

由于我們要將服務(wù)注冊倒注冊中心，所以我們在以內(nèi)nacos依賴后要在啟動(dòng)類上添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringCloudUserCenterApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudUserCenterApplication.class, args);}}

2.創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)關(guān)服務(wù)

1. 引入相關(guān)依賴

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.4.2</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.scg</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-nacos</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>spring-cloud-gateway</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><spring.cloud.version>2020.0.1</spring.cloud.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.1</spring-cloud-alibaba.version></properties><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring.cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId></dependency><!--得不加上這個(gè)配置，不然會報(bào)503--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

2. 配置yml文件

server:port: 8082
spring:application:name: gateway_servercloud:nacos:discovery:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848gateway:discovery:locator:#開啟從注冊中心動(dòng)態(tài)創(chuàng)建路由的功能，利用微服務(wù)名進(jìn)行路由enabled: true#開啟小寫驗(yàn)證，默認(rèn)feign根據(jù)服務(wù)名查找都是用的全大寫lowerCaseServiceId: trueroutes:- id: spring-cloud-user-centeruri: lb://spring-cloud-user-center# 斷言,路徑相匹配的進(jìn)行路由predicates:- Path=/user-center/**filters:- StripPrefix=1
management:endpoints:web:exposure:include: "*"

3. 測試

nacos可視化界面請參考：SpringCloud Alibaba 之 Nacos注冊中心實(shí)戰(zhàn)

同時(shí)啟動(dòng)三臺服務(wù)，我們可以看到這三者服役已經(jīng)注冊到了nacos注冊中心中

按照我們的配置，訪問http://localhost:8082/user-center/user，查看接口訪問情況

可以看到，調(diào)用了兩次，兩次請求的服務(wù)不同