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目錄
- 1.8080通信的電阻屏LCD設備
- 1.1 構造流程
- 1.2 使用
- 2.i2c和spi通信的電阻屏LCD
電阻屏LCD通信接口有支持I2c、SPI和8080通信接口的。
1.8080通信的電阻屏LCD設備
lcd這塊不像其他設備類,rtt沒有實現(xiàn)的設備驅動框架層,那么是在驅動層直接實現(xiàn)的。
以stm32f407-atk-explorer為例,該bsp支持電阻觸摸屏LCD,在/bsp / stm32 / stm32f407-atk-explorer / board / ports /drv_lcd.c中定義了該設備類:
struct drv_lcd_device
{struct rt_device parent;struct rt_device_graphic_info lcd_info;
};
其中struct rt_device_graphic_info是在/ components / drivers / include / drivers /classes/graphic.h定義的:
struct rt_device_graphic_info
{rt_uint8_t pixel_format; /**< graphic format */rt_uint8_t bits_per_pixel; /**< bits per pixel */rt_uint16_t pitch; /**< bytes per line */rt_uint16_t width; /**< width of graphic device */rt_uint16_t height; /**< height of graphic device */rt_uint8_t *framebuffer; /**< frame buffer */rt_uint32_t smem_len; /**< allocated frame buffer size */
};
然后實例化了該設備類
static struct drv_lcd_device _lcd;
1.1 構造流程
并實現(xiàn)了其構造函數(shù)drv_lcd_hw_init:
int drv_lcd_hw_init(void)
{rt_err_t result = RT_EOK;struct rt_device *device = &_lcd.parent;/* memset _lcd to zero */memset(&_lcd, 0x00, sizeof(_lcd));_lcd.lcd_info.bits_per_pixel = 16;_lcd.lcd_info.pixel_format = RTGRAPHIC_PIXEL_FORMAT_RGB565;device->type = RT_Device_Class_Graphic;
#ifdef RT_USING_DEVICE_OPSdevice->ops = &lcd_ops;
#elsedevice->init = drv_lcd_init;device->control = drv_lcd_control;
#endifdevice->user_data = &fsmc_lcd_ops;/* register lcd device */rt_device_register(device, "lcd", RT_DEVICE_FLAG_RDWR | RT_DEVICE_FLAG_STANDALONE);return result;
}
INIT_DEVICE_EXPORT(drv_lcd_hw_init);
可以看到其重寫了父類——設備基類的方法——但是只是重寫了init方法和control方法。
其對象圖如下
然后它就調用設備基類的構造函數(shù)rt_device_register,將電阻屏LCD設備對象放到對象容器里管理。
詳細參見io設備管理層。
https://blog.csdn.net/yhb1206/article/details/136440373
1.2 使用
在/bsp / stm32 / stm32f407-atk-explorer / board / ports / touch /drv_xpt2046_init.c中,
static int touch_xpt2046_init(void)
{xpt2046_init_hw();rt_thread_t tid = rt_thread_create("xpt2046", xpt2046_entry, RT_NULL, 1024, 8, 20);RT_ASSERT(tid != RT_NULL);rt_thread_startup(tid);return RT_EOK;
}
INIT_COMPONENT_EXPORT(touch_xpt2046_init);
void xpt2046_init_hw(void)
{……lcd = rt_device_find("lcd");rt_device_init(lcd);
}
在rtt的io設備框架面向對象學習-touch設備中說過,因為此bsp的LCD是電阻觸摸LCD屏,所以在xpt2046_init_hw中初始化觸摸設備,最后也初始化了LCD。
在xpt2046_entry線程中,讀取到觸摸坐標點,若開啟了lvgl繪圖,則通知lvgl繪圖,否則直接調用rt_graphix_ops(lcd)->set_pixel在LCD上繪制點的軌跡。
void xpt2046_entry(void *parameter)
{…… while (1){ …… #ifdef PKG_USING_LVGL lv_port_indev_input(read_data.x_coordinate, read_data.y_coordinate, ((read_data.event == RT_TOUCH_EVENT_DOWN) ? LV_INDEV_STATE_PR : LV_INDEV_STATE_REL));#else /* PKG_USING_LVGL */ const rt_uint32_t black = 0x0; rt_graphix_ops(lcd)->set_pixel((const char *)(&black), read_data.x_coordinate, read_data.y_coordinate);#endif rt_thread_mdelay(1); } }
如上線程,若是lvgl讀到觸摸坐標則調用lv_port_indev_input通知lvgl事件,/bsp / stm32 / stm32f407-atk-explorer / board / ports/drv_lcd.c中的函數(shù)lcd_fill_array作為對接lvgl的繪圖回調函數(shù):
void lcd_fill_array(rt_uint16_t x_start, rt_uint16_t y_start, rt_uint16_t x_end, rt_uint16_t y_end, void *pcolor)
{
rt_uint16_t *pixel = RT_NULL;
rt_uint16_t cycle_y, x_offset = 0;
pixel = (rt_uint16_t *)pcolor;
for(cycle_y = y_start; cycle_y <= y_end; ) {
LCD_SetCursor(x_start, cycle_y); LCD_WriteRAM_Prepare();
for(x_offset = 0;x_start + x_offset <= x_end; x_offset++)
{
LCD->RAM = *pixel++; } cycle_y++; }
}
可以看到通過繪點來實現(xiàn)顯示刷新。
但是如果沒有開啟lvgl,則直接調用rt_graphix_ops(lcd)->set_pixel,它是/ components / drivers / include / drivers /classes/graphic.h定義的lcd操作接口:
struct rt_device_graphic_ops
{void (*set_pixel) (const char *pixel, int x, int y);void (*get_pixel) (char *pixel, int x, int y);void (*draw_hline)(const char *pixel, int x1, int x2, int y);void (*draw_vline)(const char *pixel, int x, int y1, int y2);void (*blit_line) (const char *pixel, int x, int y, rt_size_t size);
};
#define rt_graphix_ops(device) ((struct rt_device_graphic_ops *)(device->user_data))
而之前drv_lcd.c中實現(xiàn)了該接口:
struct rt_device_graphic_ops fsmc_lcd_ops ={LCD_Fast_DrawPoint,LCD_ReadPoint,LCD_HLine,LCD_VLine,LCD_BlitLine,
};
并在構造函數(shù)drv_lcd_hw_init中賦給了設備基類的user_data 成員
device->user_data = &fsmc_lcd_ops;
這樣就能直接操作lcd繪圖。
2.i2c和spi通信的電阻屏LCD
至于i2c和spi通信的電阻屏LCD是怎么操作的,通過查找,是沒有新的對象的,都是直接對i2c總線和spi設備關聯(lián),直接包裝發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)即可,沒有上面8080通信口那樣子的新的設備框架對象。
spi的LCD屏可以參照官方開發(fā)板麻雀一號開發(fā)板。
i2c未找到參照物,但是應該是spi一樣。